The Red Book

Following on from the earlier post about Estonia's Tatars, it's perhaps a good idea also to post a link to a site that has information about other peoples who were subjected to the domination of the Russian Empire. The site, which was founded in Tallinn in 1993, on the second anniversary of the restoration of independent statehood in Estonia, is called The Red Book Of the Peoples Of The Russian Empire. As its Introduction states:

In the cliché-ridden propaganda of the Soviet era tsarist Russia was frequently dubbed the “prison of nations”. When the Soviets came into power this “prison”, by virtue of new national policies, transformed into a family of friendly and brotherly nations in whose bosom all the national cultures flourished. To boast of the achievements under the Communist Party leadership, grandiose cultural festivals were arranged in the Soviet republics, folkloristic dance, song and instrumental groups were established and the revival of old peasant culture was encouraged. The slogan “socialist in content, nationalist in form” came to be applied to the new Soviet culture. Behind this deceptive facade of ethnographic originality, the tsarist prison of nations never ceased to exist: russification was carried out on a large scale, nationalist intellectuals were persecuted, a policy of extensive exploitation of land was pursued and nations were continuously resettled and mingled. The desired result was the birth of a new, Russian-speaking “Soviet nation”, and to lay the theoretical foundation for this a whole army of scholars was employed. The evolution of the Soviet nation was seen as the process of history within the cognizance of Marxist-Leninist principles which was as inevitable as the process of life itself.

The recent rapid collapse of the Soviet economic and political system has revealed the consequences of these brutal colonization policies: hundreds of culturally and economically crippled nations, with the smallest of them nearing the crucial point of extinction.

The site contains information about many of these nations, including Abazians (Abaza), Abkhaz, Aguls, Akhvakhs, Aleuts, Altaics, Aliutors, Andis, Archis, Asiatic Eskimos, Bagulals, Baraba Tatars, Bartangs, Bats, Bezhtas, Botlikhs, Budukhs, Central Asian Jews, Chamalals, Chukchis, Chulym Tatars, Crimean Jews, Crimean Tatars, Didos, Dolgans, Enets, Evens, Evenks, Georgian Jews, Godoberis, Hinukhs, Hunzibs, Ingrians, Ishkashmis, Itelmens, Izhorians, Kamas, Karaims, Karatas, Karelians, Kereks, Kets, Khakass. Khants, Khinalugs, Khufis, Khvarshis, Kola Lapps, Koryaks, Kryz, Kurds, Lithuanian Tatars, Livonians, Mansis, Mountain Jews, Nanais, Negidals, Nenets, Nganasans, Nivkhs, Nogays, Orochis, Oroks, Oroshoris, Peoples of the Pamirs, Roshanis, Rutuls, Selkups, Shors, Shughnis, Tabasarans, Talysh, Tats (Tatians), Tindis, Tofalars, Trukhmens (Turkhmens), Tsakhurs, Udeghes, Udis, Ulchis, Veps, Votes, Wakhs, Yaghnabis, Yazgulamis and Yukaghirs.